This new publication by Panos Southern Africa seeks to answer the question: Can new media technology revolutionise the sub-region's development process? This study reveals that diverse experiences and government policies towards ICTs can help advance ICT development, and subsequently impact in changing people's lives. With a deep historical analysis of the African communication experience the study also brings out policy issues that affect the development of communication tools in the region. In all, 'Into or Out of the Digital Divide' provides a comprehensive picture of the Internet's place in southern Africa's socio-economic environment.