It is what African leaders do now and daily which will determine the place of Africa in the next fifty years. Africa has already waited for fifty years for present African leaders to implement the foundational principles that the pioneers of Africa’s independence struggle laid down on 25th May 1963.

If Africa has to wait for another 50 years to achieve her goal of economic development and technological advancement; and rescue her people out of poverty, ignorance, enslaving “foreign aid” and its deepening debts; it is a sign that many present African leaders are subtly opposed to the Pan African vision and mission for which the African Union and its predecessor, the Organisation of African Unity were formed.

A genuinely liberated Africa will not come from heaven like manna. Like Africa’s political independence struggle, it will come through the sweat and blood of its own sons and daughters led by wise, dedicated and committed Pan Africanist leaders. Fifty years for Africa from now will be reaping time. Now is the sowing time. If African leaders are sowing nothing now, there will be nothing to reap in 2063.

The African Union seems to be failing to implement ideas that were long put forward by the pioneers of African unity in 1963 and beyond. These ideas are the foundation for a strong Africa that can control its riches for its own people and effectively defend all the interests of Africa.

Africa is like building a house with an agreed plan. This house must be built in stages. Those stages must show that the house is being constructed according to the designed building plan. In this context, at what stage is Africa? Why must it take 50 years to rescue Africa from economic powerlessness in the midst of so much technology?

Former colonial powers and their allies are afraid of a strong Africa that controls its resources and is advancing technologically. When they gave in to Africa’s political liberation, they made sure that this liberation was devoid of economic power and also burdened with debts called “foreign aid.” Africa’s economic liberation therefore is not going to be a dinner party. Zimbabwe is an example of how deeply the former colonial forces and their allies hate an Africa that they can no longer plunder and loot its riches. Muammar Gaddafi’s Libya is another example.

AFRICAN UNITY WON POLITICAL LIBERATION FOR AFRICANS

Africa has internal and external problems. These problems were there during the struggle for political liberation. Africa won her political liberation through African unity. Without the Organisation of African Unity, African people in South Africa would be living in the “Bantustans” and the apartheid colonial forces would be today intimidating, the whole of Africa with nuclear weapons. The South African nuclear programme was dismantled only when it was suspected that it might be inherited by a radical Pan Africanist government.
Without the Organisation of African Unity support, the people of Namibia, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and Zimbabwe might have lost their wars of liberation. The OAU may not have been a finished house, but it was a useful tent that can show important political gains.

For instance, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania(PAC) then led by people like Potlako K. Leballo and David Sibeko got apartheid South Africa expelled from the United Nations General Assembly. This was through the diplomatic support by OAU member states at the United Nations. The expulsion of South Africa resulted in the PAC and the ANC being recognised as liberation movements and granted an Observer status at the United Nations.

Indeed, at the independence of Ghana on 6th March 1957, President Kwame Nkrumah dedicated the liberation of Ghana to the whole of Africa. He declared, “Ghana’s independence is meaningless, unless it is linked to the total liberation of Africa.” There were then eight African independent African States to the 54 today.

AFRICA WILL REGAIN ECONOMIC LIBERATION AND CONTROL OF HER RICHES THROUGH AFRICAN UNITY
Africa gained her political liberation through African Unity. Africa will not regain her economic liberation and social emancipation of her people without African Unity.
If Africa does not sow seeds of economic prosperity, control of her riches, massive education in various spheres of knowledge; she will reap nothing in 2063.People that do not sow seeds, cannot reap because they have nothing to reap. This is the law of nature.

AFRICA’S LEADERS MUST DO AN INTROSPECTION

Present Africa’s leaders must do an introspection of themselves. Are they pursuing and protecting the interests of Africa’s people with the passion, vigilance and wisdom that were shown by Africa’s leaders of the independence freedom movement such as Kwame Nkrumah, Ahmed Sekou Toure, Nnamdi Azikiwe, Obafemi Awolowo, Patrice Lumumba, Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, Julius Nyerere, Haile Selassie and many others?
Emperor Haile Selassie mediation act which brought about the Casablanca and Monrovia Groups together to form the OAU must be written in golden letters in the history of Africa. What would have been Africa without the OAU? But today what mediation machinery does the African Union have in situations of political instability and civil wars among its member states? “Prevention is better than cure,” said the wise.

AFRICA MUST INCREASE CAPACITY AND LESSEN DEPENDENCE
Africa must increase her capacity to be self-reliant. Nigeria a sister African nation has presently a problem of Boko Haram terrorism that has resulted in the whole world focussing on nearly 300 school girls that the terrorists have kidnapped. Now, foreign powers with strong economic interests in Africa and in Nigeria itself have offered assistance to find these girls.

How many strings are attached to this assistance? The pioneers of Africa’s independence often said, “We accept aid from all people of goodwill. But we shall not accept any assistance that has strings attached and compromises Africa’s interests.”
It is to be hoped that foreign powers such as France, Britain and America will not attach strings to this purely humanitarian effort to find the abducted Nigerian school girls. Moreover, terrorism is now a global problem that affects many nations of the world. Its causes, however must be established so that the appropriate remedy can be found.
The American government long wanted to locate its so-called “Africa command” on the soil of Africa. Will this now be America’s chance to push “Africom” into Nigeria and other African countries that have resisted foreign soldiers in their countries?

The question that may now be asked is: Is America prepared to allow Russia or China to establish its own “American command” in America and call it “Americom”? These are some of the issues that Africa’s leaders must scrutinise for an Africa that must be secure and strong in the next fifty years.

Why? Vice Admiral Moeller was the man that President George Bush entrusted with the main purpose of forming “Africom” in Africa. Addressing the United States Africa Command Conference held at Fort McNair on 18 February 2008, Moeller declared, “Protecting the free flow of natural resources from Africa to the global market is one of America’s guiding principles.”

Moeller specifically cited “oil disruption,” “terrorism” and “the growing influence of the Peoples’ Republic of China as a major challenge to United States interests in Africa.”

IMPORTANT FACTS TO REMEMBER FROM PAST AFRICA’S LEADERS

Past Africa’s leaders stated how Africa must be restored to her lost power in world affairs. As early as April 1959, Robert Sobukwe the President of the Pan Africanist Congress who was imprisoned on Robben Island in 1963 without any court trial by the apartheid colonialist regime and banished to Kimberly where he died proclaimed:
“Nobody, disputes our contention that Africa will be free from foreign rule....Even though I live in South Africa, I have no doubt that this prophecy will be fulfilled. But the question is: After freedom; then what?

The ready answer of white ruling minorities is chaos and reversion to barbarism and savagery.

The ready answer of all Pan Africanists is...the creation of a United States of Africa and the advent of a new era of freedom, creative production and abundance. The potential wealth of Africa in minerals, oil, hydro-electric power and so on is immense.

By cutting waste through systematic planning, a central government can bring the most rapid development....By the end of the century [2000">, the standard of living of the masses of our people will have undoubtedly have arisen dramatically.”

For Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, Africa should by now have been sitting where some African leaders say she will sit in the next 50 years. What are the obstacles? When Sobukwe spoke these words, there were only eight African states in the whole of Africa compared to 54 today.

Sobukwe added, “For the lasting peace of Africa and solution of the economic, social and political problems of the continent, there must be a democratic principle. This means that foreign domination under whatever disguise must be destroyed.”

JULIUS NYERERE APPEAL FOR URGENT AFRICA’S ACTION

President “Mwalimu” Julius Nyerere of Tanzania, appealed for urgent Africa’s action. “There is no time to waste,” he said. “We must unite or perish. Political independence is only a prelude to a new and more involved struggle for the right to conduct our social affairs unhampered by crushing and humiliating control of our affairs.”
At present there is more than a snail’s pace on the part of Africa’s leaders. “...the standard of living of the masses of our people will have undoubtedly arisen dramatically,” as Sobukwe envisaged has not happened.

Why? Is it corruption by many African leaders? Leadership is service. Servants of the people are men and women who are not for sale and refuse to be bought for any price. They are honest and sound from centre to circumference. They hate corruption. Corruption exacerbates poverty and underdevelopment. It destroys nations.

KWAME NKRUMAH ON DANGERS FACING AFRICA

On the dangers that would hinder Africa to have attained her goal in 2013, Dr. Nkrumah warned Africans. “As a continent we have emerged into independence in a difficult age, with imperialism grown stronger, more ruthless and experienced, and more dangerous in its international associations. Our economic advancement demands the end of colonialist and neo-colonialist domination of Africa.”

The April 2014 Brussels Conference at which the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU) met; clearly indicates that Europe still dominates and insults Africa. This is after 50 years of Africa’s independence from European colonial and racist rule. The EU refused to grant visas for some security officials and assistants to countries such as Zimbabwe and Kenya. What would be the reaction of the EU if its member states had been treated in a similar manner?

In South Africa many former freedom fighters of the PAC and ANC are still listed as “terrorists” by the United States government and refused visas to enter America. This is in spite of the fact that the United Nations declared apartheid a crime against humanity through its International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid. What does the AU say about this?

Reciprocity is a principle of diplomacy. Why do African governments allow certain governments to treat their nationals in a manner that is devoid of reciprocity? These matters are determining what Africa will look like in the next fifty years.
The slave and master relationship between the AU and EU and its allies must be thrown into the dustbin of history; if Africa wants her dignity, power and glory untainted and unchallengeable in the next 50 years. If African leaders through the AU, do not plant positive seeds now and every day for Africa, there will be only negative seeds to reap in 2063. This will be a betrayal of Africa’s coming generations.

Nkrumah was right when he said, “If we, [Africans"> are to remain free, if we are to enjoy the full benefits of Africa’s rich resources, we must unite to plan for our raw materials and human means....To go it alone will limit our horizons, curtail our expectations and threaten our liberty.”

Before I mention what Nkrumah said on foreign investors, let me mention a recent incident. It happened in one of the African countries. A foreign investor offered to build a road and a hospital for the right to mine a rich mineral mine. This is 50 years after Africa’s “independence!”

Over 50 years ago, Nkrumah pronounced on foreign investment with regard to Ghana. “We welcome foreign investors in a spirit of partnership. They can earn their profits here provided they leave us an agreed portion, promoting the welfare and happiness of our people as a whole, as against the greedy ambitions of the few. From what we get out of this partnership we hope to expand the health services of our people, to feed and house all, to give them more and better educational institutions and see to it that they have a rising standard of living.”

AFRICA IS POTENTIAL WORLD POWER AFTER CHINA

Africa’s Leaders in the African Union and elsewhere must get their act together. Africans paid a heavy price for their political independence. Africa’s people must be willing to pay even a higher price for their economic power to control the riches of Africa for their people. There must be a minimum fifteen year-prison sentence without the option of a fine and granting of parole for corrupt government officials.

Africa’s people must engage with the modern world on the basis of interdependence of nations. They must not present themselves to the world as if they are bankrupt debtors with nothing to put on the world’s table. Africa has enormous riches.

There must be massive intra-trade among African countries. There must be a plan to process raw materials in Africa and export them as finished goods. The necessary high technology needed in Africa must be exchanged for high technology from which ever part of the world it comes. Minerals must not be sold for cash or goods. They must be exchanged for the technology needs of the African Continent.

Those who now have this technology are secretive about it. They are refusing technology transfer to Africa. They want to keep Africa technologically backward so that its people can be a mere nation of consumers, not a nation of manufacturers that export finished goods.
Africa’s people must not allow their continent to be merely a source of raw materials and dumping ground of imported goods.

There must be huge investment in the education of Africa’s youth. Africa must prioritise and maximise the study of modern science and technology in all her institutions of learning.
There must be transport and communication system within Africa. A liberated Africa cannot afford to have its citizens, travel to Africa via Europe or their postage within some parts of Africa, go to Europe first before it reaches another African country.

For rapid development of Africa, investors and governments must invest in the infrastructure of Africa. There are many things that Africa can do for herself and lessen her dependence on the outside world. Most non-Africans get their riches in Africa. This is one of the main causes of poverty and underdevelopment in Africa.

CONCLUSION: AFRICA HAS IMPECCABLE CREDENTIALS

Africa is the epicentre of this planet called earth. She has impeccable credentials to occupy a prominent place in world affairs. She created the first human civilisation. What Africa must do now is to acquire knowledge on a colossal scale. Africa’s knowledge was destroyed by slave traders, colonialists and racists.

Where Africa will be in the next fifty years will be determined by what kind of seeds African leaders, plant now. Africa’s history shows that when Africa planted correct seeds she became a giant. Hence the old African proverb, “An anti-hill that is destined to be a giant-hill shall ultimately come one, no matter how many times it is destroyed by elephants.”

*Motsoko Pheko (Dr) is a historian, political scientist, lawyer and theologian. He is former Representative of the victims of apartheid and colonialism at the United Nations in New York and at the UN Commission on Human Rights in Geneva, as well as a former Member of the South African Parliament. He is author several books, including ‘Towards Africa’s Authentic Liberation’, ‘The Hidden Side of South African Politics’ and ‘The True History of Robben Island Must be Preserved.’

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